Hướng dẫn cài đặt LAMP trên Ubuntu
 

What is LAMP? It is Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP.
LAMP (software bundle), the open source web platform consisting of Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP
Why would you want to use it? You use Linux as your preferred OS. Linux is perfect for server applications: you can run a web server called Apache 2, a database system called MySQL and a scripting language PHP to make your web pages interactive.
You can install LAMP using visual tools, but it is more fun and more control when using Terminal. I will show you how:
Install LAMP I presume you have Ubuntu Linux installed. Let’s install everything else (Apache 2, PHP5 and MySQL 5) at once
sudo aptitude install apache2 mysql-server php5 php5-mysql libapache2-mod-php5
It is that simple! Now we have a web server, a database and PHP running.
Open your favourite web browser and enter http://localhost (or http://127.0.0.1). You should see a page with a folder contents. Since we did not put any web pages in the standard catalogue, we won’t see a web site - yet.
Check if Apache 2 and PHP 5 work fine Create a file called test.php and enter this text in it

Save the file and copy it to your web site folder, e.g. /var/www
Open your web browser and run http://test.php
Control Apache 2 To start Apache 2
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 start
To restart Apache 2
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
To stop Apache 2
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 stop
After first install I always get this error:
It is easily fixed - add ServerName localhost into apache2.conf
gksudo gedit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
You can change lots of things in Apache2.conf configuration file. For example, enable Apache modules, set the default encoding to CP-1251 or change localhost default location.
Secure Apache Do you want to run Apache only to test your web site? Then you can ask it to listen only to particular port.
For example, I want Apache to answer only my local web site (at 127.0.0.1 and port 8080)
So I add Listen 127.0.0.2:8080 to ports.conf
sudo nano /etc/apache2/ports.conf
Save the file. Reboot or restart Apache.
Apache will only serve your web site if you type http://127.0.0.2:8080
Control MySQL To start MySQL
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start
To restart MySQL
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart
To stop MySQL
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
Create MySQL users/databases Whether you use your database for testing purposes or in production machine, you should not use “root” user in MySQL all the time.
First, you need to create a password for the “root” user to make your system more secure.
$ mysql -u root
set password for root@localhost = password('YOURROOTUSERPASSWORD');
flush privileges;
quit;
After this, you can login into MySQL prompt by
mysql -u root -p
You also need to use a different user and different database for each application that uses MySQL. For example, I create different users that use different MySQL databases for Amarok (keeping music database) and WordPress (local web copy of Siberian.Ws).
$ mysql -p -u root
create database wordpress;
use wordpress;
grant all on wordpressadmin.* to wordpress@localhost identified by 'PASSWORDFORWORDPRESSDATABASE';
flush privileges;
quit;
If you do not want to make the user all-powerful, use a command similar to
grant select, insert, update, delete, create, drop, alter on YOURDATABASE.* to YOURUSERNAME@localhost identified by 'YOURPASSWORD';
Look at MySQL tutorial what privileges should be set for your user.
localhost is the default host, but if you add virtal hosts, you may want to change it to, say, siberian. It depends on your hosts file, really.
Playing with MySQL Enter MySQL commands in the prompt until you feel good. MySQL commands can be typed on one or several lines. To end the command and execute it, finish the command with ; like
mysql> drop database amarok;
To leave MySQL prompt type
quit;
If you prefer the visual way of controlling MySQL, then you can either user phpMyAdmin (control databases via web interface) or mysql-admin or official MySQL Administrator.
sudo aptitude install mysql-admin phpmyadmin
To run myPHPAdmin, type in the address bar of you browser
http://localhost/phpmyadmin/
Creating web content We do have a web server running which does not mind processing PHP.
However, the address http://localhost/ by default points to /var/www. That folder is basically empty that is why you do not see much in your web browser.
To show proper web site, you need to put some web pages in that folder.
First, allow yourselft to have access to the folder /var/www
sudo chown -R USERNAME /var/www
Now, you can copy your great web site to the folder /var/www.
Start Firefox again and type http://localhost/. Do you see you web site?
If you hate to always navigate to /var/www, you can press Control-D in Nautilus to add a new bookmark in Places menu. You can create a link to it in your home folder for easy access, alternatively.
ln -s /var/www ~/WebSite
Of course, do not forget to create folder WebSite. Now you can place all your web content inside the folder WebSite in your home folder and you will see your web site by going to http://localhost/
Using virtual hosts I love running different web sites on one machine.
If I put a folder called siberian inside /var/www, I can run my local web site by entering http://localhost/siberian.
However, I prefer more human-readable web addresses. For example, when I enter http://siberian, my local WordPress copy of Siberian.Ws (located in /home/andrei/Web Sites/siberian) runs in Firefox. When I enter http://olga, I get plain copy of http://www.art-od.net (located in /home/andrei/Web Sites/olga). It is good for testing my web sites locally.
To use virtual hosts, you need to change hosts file and add some information for Apache.
First, I add my virtual host address to Hosts file
sudo nano /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 siberian
127.0.0.2 olga
Then I reboot the computer or networking for changes to take effect
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
Now I want to setup the virtual hosts themselves. Let’s do SIBERIAN as an example
I open Nautilus in root mode (press Alt-F2 and enter sudo nautilus).
I create a copy of file default which is located in /etc/apache2/sites-available and rename it to siberian.
I create a link to this file by right-clicking on it.
I copy this link to /etc/apache2/sites-enabled
I change siberian:
NameVirtualHost * is changed to NameVirtualHost siberian
ServerName siberian is added under ServerAdmin
DocumentRoot /var/www/ is changed to DocumentRoot /home/andrei/Web Sites/siberian
is changed to